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Saudi market snapshot: the economy and the rules

What are the population, GDP, inflation and unemployment of Saudi Arabia?

6 Oct 2026 · Rabiʻ II 25, 1448 AH·Saudi Arabia·Draft — not reviewed

Key figures

2.08% [1]
Consumer price inflation (annual)
36,973,555 [2]
Population
SAR 4,788.54 billion [3]
Gross domestic product (current prices)
3.04% [4]
Unemployment rate (share of labour force)
SAR 5,000,000 [5]
Maximum PDPL penalty
SAR 375,000 [7]
Mandatory VAT registration threshold (taxable supplies over 12 months exceed it)

Prepared by NCASEAI

Written straight from the data, with no AI. Not reviewed by a person.

Research information, not investment, legal or tax advice. Check it before relying on it.

What we found

  1. Consumer prices rose 2.08% [1] in a year
  2. Saudi Arabia is home to 36,973,555 [2] people
  3. The economy produced SAR 4,788.54 billion [3] in a year
  4. Unemployment stands at 3.04% [4] of the labour force
  5. A breach of the Personal Data Protection Law can cost up to SAR 5,000,000 [5]
  6. VAT is charged at 15% [7], and registration becomes mandatory above SAR 375,000 [7] of annual taxable supplies

Official figure: read from the publisher's own file · Other source: real, but not read from the publisher's own file · NCASEAI estimate: NCASEAI's own reading

Consumer price inflation

Consumer prices rose 2.08% [1] in a year

  • Consumer price inflation (annual): 2.08% [1].

Sources [1]

Population

Saudi Arabia is home to 36,973,555 [2] people

  • Population: 36,973,555 [2].

Sources [2]

Gross domestic product

The economy produced SAR 4,788.54 billion [3] in a year

  • Gross domestic product (current prices): SAR 4,788.54 billion [3].

Sources [3]

Unemployment rate

Unemployment stands at 3.04% [4] of the labour force

  • Unemployment rate (share of labour force): 3.04% [4].

Sources [4]

Personal data protection (PDPL)

A breach of the Personal Data Protection Law can cost up to SAR 5,000,000 [5]

  • Maximum PDPL penalty: SAR 5,000,000 [5].
  • PDPL violation decisions issued: 48 [6].

Sources [5][6]

VAT

VAT is charged at 15% [7], and registration becomes mandatory above SAR 375,000 [7] of annual taxable supplies

VAT rate and registration thresholds
Standard VAT rate15% [7]
Mandatory VAT registration threshold (taxable supplies over 12 months exceed it)SAR 375,000 [7]
Voluntary VAT registration threshold (taxable supplies or taxable expenses over 12 months exceed it)SAR 187,500 [7]

    Sources [7]

    Figures from DataSaudi (GASTAT tables) are shown in the NCASEAI app only, until the publisher allows them to be reproduced in reports.

    Source coverage

    The Saudi publishers NCASEAI reads today. A source that is not connected is never guessed at.

    • Connected · ZATCA, SAMA, World Bank
    • Partly connected · GASTAT (selected tables, through DataSaudi, as Other source)
    • Not connected yet · MISA, Etimad, CST, SFDA

    References

    Every figure in this report links to the publisher's own page or document. The numbers in square brackets after each figure point here.

    1. [1]
      World Bank Open Data. Consumer price inflation (annual), Saudi Arabia (indicator FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG). Updated 13 Jul 2026. Period: Calendar year 2025.
      https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG?locations=SA
      Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, licensed under CC BY 4.0. Figures rounded and labels translated by NCASEAI; not endorsed by the World Bank.
    2. [2]
      World Bank Open Data. Population, Saudi Arabia (indicator SP.POP.TOTL). Updated 13 Jul 2026. Period: Calendar year 2025.
      https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SP.POP.TOTL?locations=SA
      Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, licensed under CC BY 4.0. Figures rounded and labels translated by NCASEAI; not endorsed by the World Bank.
    3. [3]
      World Bank Open Data. Gross domestic product (current prices), Saudi Arabia (indicator NY.GDP.MKTP.CN). Updated 13 Jul 2026. Period: Calendar year 2025.
      https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/NY.GDP.MKTP.CN?locations=SA
      Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, licensed under CC BY 4.0. Figures rounded and labels translated by NCASEAI; not endorsed by the World Bank.
    4. [4]
      World Bank Open Data. Unemployment rate (share of labour force), Saudi Arabia (indicator SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS). Updated 13 Jul 2026. Period: Calendar year 2025.
      https://data.worldbank.org/indicator/SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS?locations=SA
      Source: World Bank, World Development Indicators, licensed under CC BY 4.0. Figures rounded and labels translated by NCASEAI; not endorsed by the World Bank.
    5. [5]
      Saudi Data and AI Authority (SDAIA). Personal Data Protection Law (English translation), Article 36. Checked 1 Oct 2026. Period: In force on 24 Sept 2026.
      https://sdaia.gov.sa/en/SDAIA/about/Documents/Personal%20Data%20English%20V2-23April2023-%20Reviewed-.pdf
    6. [6]
      Saudi Press Agency (SPA). Personal Data Protection Law Committees to Impose Penalties on Confirmed Violations. Checked 1 Oct 2026. Period: 14 Sep 2024 – Jan 2026.
      https://spa.gov.sa/en/N2489505
    7. [7]
      Zakat, Tax and Customs Authority (ZATCA). Guideline for Tax Invoicing and Records under VAT Provisions. Updated 2 Jun 2026. Period: In force on 2 June 2026 (the guideline's date).
      https://zatca.gov.sa/en/HelpCenter/guidelines/Documents/Guideline-for-Tax-Invoicing-and-Records-under-VAT-Provisions.pdf

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